Safety razor



y 1937. s. DALKOWITZ 2,079,245

SAFETY RAZOR Filed Jan. 18, 1934 14 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTOR May 4, 1937.

G. DALKOWITZ 2,079,245

SAFETY, RAZOR Filed Jan. 18, 1934 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR 1 dozlfrg/firw'h,

NEY

May 4, 1937.

G. DALKOWITZ SAFETY RAZOR F 'iled Jan. 18, 1954' 4 SheetS-Sheet sINVENTOR 60' z gzfialom'liz, BY

ATTORNEY y 9 I s. DALKOWITZ 2,079,245

. SAFETY RA'ZOR Filed-Jan. 18, 1934 4 SheetsSh eet 4 Patented fMay 4,1937 UNITED STATES PA'il orries SAFETY RAZOR Application January 18,1934, Serial No. 707,065

14 Claims.

My present invention relates to that class of safety razors in which twoclamping members receive a blade therebetween, one of the clamps ingmembers being so devised as to serve as the guard member and the othermember serving as the cap 01 backing member.

In the embodiments herein illustrated, the razor is shown as of a typeto receive a double edged blade between the cap and guard member.

In one of its aspects, my invention relates to the provision in a safetyrazor of the type above mentioned of an arrangement whereby a blade canbe conveniently mounted and clamped for shaving purposes and can bereleased and removed therefrom for cleaning or replacement purposes,without, however, requiring disassembly of the razor parts.

From another aspect, my invention relates to the provision in a razor ofthe type in which the clamping members are made separable for purposesof inserting and removing one type of blade which may be more or less ofa, conventional character, of an arrangement in the razor to take adiilerent character of blade and, which will permit of the placement andremoval of this second type of blade without disassembly of the razorparts.

I attain the objectives of the first aspect of my invention byv (a)constructing the cap or cover member of plural parts, and so relatingthese cap parts that they can be moved to one position for bladeclamping and to a second position for blade release and (b) employingtherewith a blade having a slot therein sufficientl large to receivetherethrough the cap parts when moved to the second aforementionedposition to permit of blade placement and removal without disassembly ofthe razor parts.

Iattain the objectives of the second aspect of my invention by (a) sorelating the aforementioned multi-part cap to the other razor parts thatthe cap can be disassembled therefrom for placement and removal of asecond type of blade and (b) providing in a second type of blade: to

a be employed therewith and in one of the razor in the other type, allother features, dimensions and contours of the two types of blades beingidentical, if it is so desired, one type permitting of blade removal andinsertion without disassembly of the razor parts, and the other typerequiring it.

In accordance with one embodiment of my invention, the slots in bothtypes of blades to be employed with the razor, are dimensionablypredetermined diiferently, however, one from the other for cooperationwith alternative means in the razor for blade location, suchpredetermination for one of the two types being such as to also permitof its placement and replacement without disassembly of the razor parts.

In accordance with a second embodiment of my invention, the means in theblade for cooperation with razor parts for blade location are identicalin each of the two types of blades, and

are independent more or less of the dimensions 2 1 and contours of theslots therein, portions of the slots in one of the types serving nofunction atall in connection with blade location and serving itsfunction only to permit of blade placement and replacement. 7

For the attainment of these objects and such other objects as mayhereinafter appear or be pointed out, I have illustrated two embodimentsof my invention in the drawings, wherein:

Figure 1 shows one embodiment of my invention in perspective;

Figure 2 is a section taken on line 2-2 of Figure 3;

Figures 2a and 211 show the two types of blades adapted to be usedselectively in the razor of Figure 2; I

Figure 3 is a top plan view looking down on the razor of Figure 2;

Figure 4 is a section taken on line fl--4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 illustrates the manner of using the blade type of Figure 2a;

Figure 6 shows a manner of using the blade type of Figure 2b;

Figure 7 is an exploded view of all the parts that go to make up therazor of Figure 2;

Figure 8 shows the clamping head of a second embodiment;

Figures 9 and 9a show the two types of blades employed selectively inthe razor head of Figure 8;

Figure 10 is a perspective showing the employment of the blade of Figure9;

Figure 11 is a plan view of Figure 10; and

Figure 12 is a perspective view showing employment of the blade ofFigure 9a.

Upon viewing Figure 7, it will be observed that the elements comprisedwithin the bracket A 6 when assembled form what I will hereafter referto as the clamping or cover cap assembly 10 and that the referencecharacter [I is applied to what will hereinafter be referred to as theguard and that the member I2 is applied to what will 10 hereinafter bereferred to as a handle member.

The cap is made up generally of two wing members 20 pivotally secured attheir lower ends to a central block 2i in any preferred or desiredmanner as for example by pivot pins 22 passing through ears 23 and intothe end faces of the block 2|. In order to permit of a free swingingmovement of the wings 25. with reference to the block 2 I, these wingsare each cut away as shown at 24 so as to permit the wings which pivotabout adjacent axes to be swung from the position of Figure 5 to theposition of Figure 6, in end to end relation to form what is in effect,a continuous clamping cap.

I will now describe my arrangement whereby 25 the wings 28 can bemanipulated to be moved from their position of Figure 5 to Figure 6, andfor this purpose reference will be made to Figures 2, 4, and 7 in whichthe wings Zii are shown as each provided with the pendent lug 30 thelower 30 end of which is pivoted to levers 3! arranged in overlappingrelation, the lower ends of these levers in turn being pivoted to thehead 32 at the points 33. This arrangement provides a toggle wherebyupon reciprocation of the head 32 35 in an up and down direction, thewings 28 will be given a movement from the position of Figure 5 to thatof Figure 6 and-from the full line of Figure 2 to the dotted line ofthat figure. The head 32 and the slide rod 35 are secured to each otherin any preferred or desired manner, as for example, by the pivot pin 36.The rod 35 is in turn reciprocated upon manipulation of the head 38through the engagement of the threads on the exterior of the upwardlyextending pin 39 with the internal threads 3'! formed at the lower endof the rod 35. The head 38 is held to a rotation and against alongitudinal movement by the ring washer Ml engaged in registeringdepressions formed in the handle shell 4! and in the pin 39.

It will be understood from this description that upon rotation of thehead 38, that the rod 35 will be moved one way or the other within thehandle member 4! to correspondingly move the head 32 to manipulate thetoggle arrangement embodied in the levers 3! to open or close the wings20 forming the cap member.

The block 2! is shown in detail in Figures 5, 6 and 7, and in effect,comprises two spaced members connected to the upper end of the tube 45of a size to pass through the opening 50 of the bridge member I l whichis threaded externally as to engage the threads 52 formed internally ofthe upper end of the handle sleeve 4!.

One method of employing the razor contemplates that its cover bemanipulated as shown in Figures 2 and 5 and for such method of operationthe razor blade of Figure 2a is intended to be employed. This blade hasa transverse slot enlarged centrally at 6?) to encompass freely the part45 of the cover assembly and has extending in opposite directionstherefrom, the slot extensions 6! to freely encompass not only the block2| but also the extreme end portions 23 of the wings 20, extending toopposite sides of the central block 2|. This is shown clearly in Figure5. The blade can thus be freely removed from the razor parts withoutdisassembly of these razor parts and merely by bringing the wings 2B ofthe cap to their position of Figure 5.

In Figure 6 I show a further manner of employment of my razor. Here therazor handle member if (not shown) has been manipulated so as todisconnect the threads '52 thereon from the threads 46 on the sleeve 45.The end member 38 has also been manipulated so as to free its threads 39from the internal threads 3'5 of the member 35. With the parts in thisposition, the entire cap assembly can be removed as a unit, to permit ofthe use of the blade of the type of Figure 2b. This blade differs fromthe blade of Figure 2a only in that the extension slots iii are shorterthan the corresponding slots 6| of the blade of Figure 2a and terminatefurther inwardly of the end walls of the razor blade and aresufiiciently long to be received about the central block 25.

With the cap assembly removed from the other razor part as shown inFigure 6, the blade of Figure 2b is assembled therewith as shown inFigure 6 by bringing the enlargement til in registration with the sleeve45 and the extensions in registration with the central block 2!, theslots, however, being just suficiently long to clear this block 2i. Thisis clearly shown in Figure 4 of the drawings, where the portions of theblades to the sides of the extension slots 6| are shown as positioneddirectly beneath the hinged pintles 23 instead of entirely to the sidesthereof as in Figure 5.

It will be observed that the location of the blade is fixed byinterengagement of the slots in each type and cover portions. For thetype of blade shown in Figure 2b, the cover portion for this purpose ismerely the central block 2|. For the type 211, the cover portion forthis purpose includes, not only the central block 2!, but also thehinged pintles 23 to the side thereof.

In both types of blades, Figures 2a and 2b, it will be observed that thefour walls which define the slot in each keep the blade from shifting inany direction by their engagement with cooperating razor elements,illustrated as formed with the cap member. Such cooperating razorelements can be on a razor part other than the cap member. Furthermore,while it may appear from the drawings that the blade is of the flexiblewafer type, and that the razor is of a type to flex it, it will beunderstood that the flexing is only to a minor extent and whollyincidental to my invention as there is nothing in my invention thatcalls for or necessitates any flexing of the blade.

In Figures 8 to 11 inclusive, I show a second embodiment of my inventionfunctioning, generally as does the first embodiment of Figures 1 to 7inclusive and also taking two different types of blades. However, theslots in the blades of the second embodiment do not function for bladelocation and are therefore not predetermined either as to their contoursor dimensions for such purpose. The razor of the second embodiment andboth types of blades for use therein are provided with interengagingmeans for blade location, which however are identical as to and for bothtypes of blades.

I will now proceed to describe this second embodiment.

Upon viewing Figure 8, it will be observed that the guard member 10 isprovided, in addition to the two guards 10a, and the depression 10b,with the upstanding pins ll shown as four in number, and preferablysymmetrically positioned with reference to both axes of the guardmember.

Attention is now invited to the two types of blades employed inconnection with this second embodiment of my invention and illustratedin Figures 9 and 9a respectively of the drawings.

The blade of Figure 9 is of the two edged slotted type having the slotenlarged centrally at 72, the extensions to each side thereof beingnumbered 13. This central slot of the blade of Figure 9 does not performany function for blade location. The blade of Figure 9 is located bymeans of the cut-away portions 14 opening into the slot extensions 13.These cut away portions .are so associated, positioned and related as toregister with the four pins H which are received therethrough when theblade of Figure 9 is positioned in superposed relation to the guard 10as is its position in Figure 10. It will be understood that the onlything that determines the location of the blade of Figure 9 is theinterengagement between the cut away portions 14 and the pins H. Theremaining cut away portions 12 and T3 merely serve to clear the centralblock therethrough as will be pointed out more particularly hereinafter.

Upon referring to Figure 8 of the drawings, it will be noted that thecap 8|] comprises the central block 8| cut away as shown at 8| toprovide a pivotal mounting 83 for the wings 82 forming the multi-partclamping cap. It will r be observed that this structure differs from thearrangement of the first embodiment (see Figure 5) in that the lower endof the wings 82 of the second embodiment terminate-within the length ofthe central block 80 whereas they terminate beyond. and to opposite{sides of the central block in Figure 5. It will further be observedupon comparing the contours of the wings 82 of the second embodimentwith that of the first embodiment, that the wings of the secondembodiment of Figure 8 widen or flare out toward the top or free ends,the purpose of which will be pointed out shortly.

Except as pointed out in the preceding paragraph, the cap assembly ofFigure 8 is assembled with the handle member and the guard member justas is the cap assembly of Figures 1 to '7 inclusive, namely, by thedouble engagement of threads 31 and 39 and threads 46 and 52 (seeFigures 2, 6 and 7) and for purpose of convenl ience of description,these parts of Figures 2, 6

and 7 have been duplicated in the embodiment of Figures 8, 10, 11 and12, and in fact, the same reference characters, primed however, havebeen applied to these duplicated parts where shown in Figures 8 to 12.

The blades of both Figures 9 and 9a are assembled by bringing the cutaway parts 14 or 14a. thereof into engagement with the pins H on thebridge. Where the blade of Figure 9 is employed, this can be done only,however, where the cap assembly has been entirely separated from theother razor parts as in Figure 8 because the cap member 82 even in thecollapsed condition of the parts, cannot pass through the slots 13,because of the widened flare of the wings 82 toward their outer end.

On the other hand, where it is desired to employ the blade of Figure 9a,it is not necessary to disassemble the razor parts. All that is requiredis that the end 38 of the handle be manipulated to bring the wings 82 ofthe cap mem her to the position of Figure 11 whereupon the extra lengthof the slot extensions 13a will permit the blade to be raised clear ofeven the widest portions of the wings 82.

The provision of the flare of the wings 82 and of the extra length ofslots to. the extension 13a provides a clearance which will eliminatethe possibility of the end walls of the slots 13a of the blade catchingwhich possibility is present in the first embodiment. It will beobserved upon viewing Figure 5, that the end walls of the slot in theblade may catch beneath the hinge portions 22 of the wings 20.

It will be, observed that the slot in the blade of Figure 2a can bedefined as of a length no less than that of the widest portion of theclamping members 20 in the first embodiment, and the slot of the bladeof 9a as oil a length no less than that of the widest portion of theclamping members 82 of the second embodiment and the width of each bladeas no less than that of the thickness of the two clamping members 29 ofthe one embodiment or 82 of the other embodiment, as determined by theirposition as illustrated in Figures 5 and 12 respectively. Where,therefore, the clamping edges are of a length substantially equal to or(greater than the length of the shaving edges, as is the case of theedges 82 in Figure 10, then. the length of the slot of the blade ofFigure 9a will be no less than that of the shaving edge.

In Figure 3 I have shown a blade, the shaving edge of which has beenpurposefully illustrated as longer than that of the clamping edge 20 tomake clear that such may be the relation, in which case the length ofthe slot of the blade of Figure 2a, while longer than the widest part ofthe clamping members 20, need not be longer than the shaving edges.

Having thus described my invention and illustrated its use, what I claimas new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. In combination, in a safety razor holder adapted for the reception ofblades of two types, both of said blade types having a slot therein, butthe length of the slots of one type exceeding that of the slot of theother type, said holder comprising a guard adapted to seat either ofsaid blade types in shaving position, and a cap adapted for cooperatingwith said guard to clamp either of said blade types against the guard,said cap having mounted thereon a pair of members adapted for relativemovement from. an end to end blade clamping relation overlying the bladewhen it is seated on the guard, into a position of substantialparallelism, and said members and said cap being of such conformation asto pass through the slot of one type of blade but not through that ofthe other type, when said members are in their parallel position, andmeans for moving said members from their parallel position to their endto end blade clamping position, and said cap being separably associatedwith said blade seat, whereby said long slot blade type may be seated onthe guard and thereafter clamped in place by bringing said members intotheir end to end blade clamping relation, and whereby when said cap isseparated from said guard the short slot type blade may be seated onsaid guard and thereafter clamped in place after the cap is againassociated with said guard and said members thereof are brought intotheir end to end blade-clamping position.

2. In combination, in a safety razor holder adapted for the reception ofblades of two types, both of said blade types having a slot therein, butthe length of the slots of one type exceeding that of the slot of theother type, said holder comprising a guard adapted to seat either ofsaid blade types in shaving position, and a cap adapted for cooperationwith said guard to clamp either of said blade types against the guard,said cap having a portion thereof adapted to engage portions of saidguard and to engage the edges of the slots of blades of both types so asto locate the position of said blade in relation to the guard, and saidcap also having mounted on said slot-engaging portion thereof a pair ofmembers adapted for relative movement from an end to end blade clampingrelation overlying the blade when it is seated on the guard, into aposition of substantial parallelism, and said members and saidslot-engaging portions of said cap adjacent thereto being of suchconformation as to pass through the slot of one type of blade but notthrough that of the other type, when said members are in their parallelposition, and means for moving said members from their parallel positionto their clamping position, and said cap being separably associated withsaid guard, whereby said long slot blade type may be seated on the guardand thereafter clamped in place by bringing said members into their endto end relation when said slot-engaging portion is seated on said guard,and whereby when said cap is separated from said guard the short slottype blade may be seated on said guard and thereafter clamped in placeafter the cap is again associated with said guard and said membersthereof are brought into their blade-clamping position.

3. In combination, in a safety razor holder adapted for the reception ofblades of two types, both of said blade types having a slot therein, butthe length of the slots of one type exceeding that of the slot of theother type, said holder comprising a guard adapted to seat either ofsaid blade types in shaving position, and a cap adapted for cooperationwith said guard to clamp either of said blade types against the guard,said cap having a portion thereof adapted to engage portions of saidguard and to engage the edges of the slots of blades of both types so asto locate the position of said blade in relation to the guard and saidcap also having mounted on said slot-engaging portion thereof a pair ofmembers adapted for relative movement from an end to end blade clampingrelation overlying the blade, into a position of substantialparallelism, and said members and said slot-engaging portions of saidcap adjacent thereto being of such conformation as to pass through theslot of one type of blade but not through that of the other type, whensaid members are in their parallel position, and means for moving saidmembers from their parallel position to their clamping position, andsaid cap being separably associated with said blade seat, whereby saidlong slot blade type may be seated on the guard and thereafter clampedin place by bringing said members into their end to end relation whensaid slot-engaging portion is seated on said guard, and whereby whensaid cap is separated from said guard the short slot type blade may beseated on said guard and thereafter clamped in place after the cap isagain associated with said guard and said members thereof are broughtinto their blade-clamping position, and said members having portionsthereof adapted to engage the walls of the slot of the long slot type ofblade, but not the walls of the short slot type of blade, for purposesof locating the shaving edge of said blade in relation to the guard.

4. In a holder for a safety razor, a guard, a cap cooperating with saidguard to clamp the blade therebetween, said cap being separablyassociated with said guard and comprising a pair of blade clampingmembers adapted, when said cap is in normal assembled relation to theguard, to move into a blade clamping position, in which they overlie theblade, or into a position of substantially parallel adjacency at anangle to said blade, and means for moving said members from the bladeclamping position to said position of parallelism, whereby a slottedblade may be seated on said guard, without disassociating said cap, bypassing said members, when in their position of parallelism, through theslot of said blade, and whereby said blade may thereafter be clamped onsaid seat by moving said members into their blade clamping position, andwhereby, if said cap is first disassociated from said guard, blades theslots of which are not adapted to receive said members therethrough, maybe clamped between said cap and guard, when they are inserted betweenthe cap and the guard after the cap has been disassociated from saidguard.

5. A holder for a safety razor constructed as defined in claim 4, inwhich the cap is provided with blade locating portions adapted to engagecomplementary portions on a blade so as to lo cate the shaving edges ofthe blade in relation to said guard.

6. A holder for a safety razor constructed as defined in claim 4, inwhich the cap and the members carried thereby are provided with blade10- cating portions adapted to engage complementary portions of a bladeso as to locate the shaving edges of the blade in relation to saidguard.

A holder for a safety razor constructed as defined in claim 4, in whichsaid cap comprises a blade locating portion adapted to engage the wallsof the slot in a slotted blade so as to locate the shaving edges of saidblade in relation to said guard.

8. A holder for a safety razor constructed as defined in claim 4, inwhich said cap and the members carried thereby comprise blade locatingportions adapted to engage the walls of the slot in a slotted blade soas to locate the shaving edges of said blade in relation to said guard.

9. A holder for a safety razor constructed as defined in claim 4, inwhich the guard is provided with blade locating means adapted tocooperate with complementary means on a blade to locate the blade inrelation to said guard.

10. In combination, in a safety razor holder adapted for the receptionof blades of two types, both of said blade types having a slot therein,but the length of the slots of one type exceeding that of the slot ofthe other type, said holder comprising a guard adapted to seat either ofsaid blade types in shaving position, and a cap adapted for cooperatingwith said guard to clamp either of said blade types against the guard,said cap having mounted thereon a pair of members adapted for relativemovement from an expanded blade clamping relation overlying the bladewhen it is seated on the guard, into a restricted position, and saidmembers and said cap being of such conformation as to pass through theslot of one type of blade but not through that of the other type, whensaid members are in their restricted position, and means for moving saidmembers from their restricted position to their expanded blade clampingposition, and said cap being separabl'y associated with said blade seat,whereby said long slot blade type may be seated on the guard andthereafter clamped in place by bringing said members into their expandedblade clamping relation, and whereby when said cap is separated fromsaid guard the short slot type blade may be seated on said guard andthereafter clamped in place after the cap is again associated with saidguard and said members thereof are brought into their expandedblade-clamping position.

11. In a safety razor having a guard for seating a blade thereon, andclamping means for holding the blade in position on the guard, and saidclamping means comprising a support removably positioned in fixedrelation to the guard: a pair of members carried on said support onparallel and adjacent hinges and adapted to pivot about said hinges intoan end to end relation or into a position facing each other, and meansfor moving said members in relation to said support,

for holding the blade in position on the guard,

and said clamping means comprising a support remo-vably positioned infixed relation to the guard: a pair of members carried on said supporton parallel and adjacent hinges and adapted to pivot about said hingesinto an end to end relation or into a position facing each other, and

means for moving said members in relation to said support, said meanscomprising a pair of levers, each'of said levers having one of its endspivoted to one of said members, and its other end pivoted to an elementmounted for longitudinal movement in relation to said support, the pivotpoints of said levers being on said ele-- ment and being spaced fromeach other, and said levers being positioned in overlapping relation.

13. In a safety razor having a guard for seating a blade thereon, andclamping means for holding the blade in position on the guard, and saidclamping means comprising a support removably positioned in fixedrelation to the guard: a pair of members carried on said support onparallel and adjacent hinges and adapted to pivot about said hinges intoan end to end relation or into a position facing each other, and meansfor moving said members in relation to said support, said meanscomprising a pair of levers pivoted to said members and to an elementmounted for longitudinal movement in relation to said support, and acontrol member pivotally connected to said element.

14. In a safety razor having a guard for seating a blade thereon, andclamping means for holding the blade in position on the guard, and saidclamping means comprising a support removably positioned in fixedrelation to the guard: a pair of members carried on said support onparallel and adjacent hinges and adapted to pivot about said hinges intoan end to end relation or into a position facing each other, and togglemeans for moving said members in relation to said support, said meansincluding a pair of overlapping levers pivoted to an element mounted forlongitudinal movement in relation to said support, and a control memberpivotally connected to said element.

GODFREY DALKOWITZ.

